The new legislation was announced following public consultation and sees the UK’s divorce laws extend the grounds for divorce. When introduced, the new divorce laws will remove the need for evidence of adultery, desertion or unreasonable behaviour.
The Justice Secretary explained the motivation behind the new divorce laws: “While we will always uphold the institution of marriage, it cannot be right that our outdated law creates or increases conflict between divorcing couples.”
The Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Bill is expected to have its second reading debate in 2020 on a date yet to be announced.
As we await the introduction of the new 2020 divorce laws for the UK, we look back over the history of divorce law in the UK and answer a few frequently asked questions about the new legislation:
The history of divorce law in the UK
The current UK divorce laws have been in place since 1973 – as a part of The Matrimonial Causes Act 1973. Yet, the history of divorce law in the UK stretches back much, much further.
We are all familiar with the rhyme about King Henry VIII, which claims the infamous King divorced two of his wives. This can be considered inaccurate, however, as King Henry VIII actually annulled his marriages to Catherine of Aragon and Anne of Cleves. The annulments were granted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, as the church courts retained the power to dissolve marriages.
From then and until 1857, the right to divorce was largely open only to men and had to be granted by an Act of Parliament (which was also hugely expensive). The 1857 Matrimonial Causes Act saw a big change to this: divorce was opened up to ordinary people – although women still had to prove their husband had committed adultery and prove additional faults.
Other divorce laws were passed over time, adding new grounds for divorce or making divorce easier to access (particularly for women).
What are the current divorce laws in the UK?
The biggest changes that formed the divorce proceedings as we know them today came with The Divorce Reform Act 1969. This Act marked a significant change and enabled people to end marriages that had “irretrievably broken down” without having to prove fault. Couples could end marriages after two years of separation, if both parties desired divorce, or five years if only one party desired divorce.
The Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 set out the basis of divorce and also detailed how the courts should deal with financial issues that are often entwined with divorce.
New divorce laws UK
In the years following The Matrimonial Causes Act 1973, moves were made to modernise the UK’s divorce laws. The Family Law Act 1996, for example, aimed to shift more towards a ‘no fault’ divorce (which included couples attending information sessions and mediation) but this was not proceeded with as initial pilot schemes did not yield positive results.
Fast-forward over twenty years and, in contrast, the no-fault divorce laws that have recently been proposed on 9 April 2019 have – largely – been positively received.
What are the new UK divorce laws?
The changes proposed by the Justice Secretary on 9 April 2019 would establish a minimum six-month timeframe to enable couples to “reflect” on their decision. Currently named The Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Bill, the new divorce laws would also abolish the ability to contest a divorce. This latter change has been positively received by those who believe the current divorce laws could be misused by abusive or manipulative partners.
The divorce laws currently in place in the UK have also been widely criticised for forcing couples to apportion blame onto one-another, causing animosity between ex-partners and potentially detrimental effects on those wishing to co-parent. The new divorce laws would, instead, allow for a statement of ‘irretrievable breakdown’ and a joint application for divorce to be made – without a finger being pointed at either spouse.
Some MP’s have criticised the proposed divorce laws as encouraging ‘divorce on demand’.
Further details on the proposed new divorce laws can be found in our news article, written by associate solicitor, Chris Brown: New ‘no-fault’ divorce law to be introduced in England and Wales
When are the new UK divorce laws coming into force?
Currently, all we know about the timeframe for the new divorce laws coming into force is that The Ministry of Justice stated it would be introduced “as soon as parliamentary time allows”. At the time of writing this (October 2019), The Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Bill still needs to be passed through the Houses of Parliament to become an Act. This may take some time and Mr Gauke himself implied that this timeframe will likely cause a ‘spike’ in divorces once The Bill is passed, as couples will have held off until the new divorce laws come into force.
If you would like to understand more about how the current – or upcoming – divorce laws may impact you, or if you require practical, helpful advice and support with regards to divorce, please do make an appointment with our family law experts at Hegarty Solicitors.
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